ISO INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 230-1 Third edition 2012-03-01 Test code for machine tools - Part 1: Geometric accuracy of machines operating under no-load or quasi-static conditions Code d'essai des machines-outils - Partie 1: Exactitude geométrique des machines fonctionnant a vide ou dans des conditions quasi-statiques Reference number ISO 230-1:2012(E) @ ISO 2012 by IHS under ted without license from IHS Not for Resale ISO 230-1:2012(E) COPYRIGHTPROTECTEDDOCUMENT @ISO2012 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either isO at the address below or IsO's memberbody in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56. CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail [email protected] Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland @ ISO 2012 - All rights reserved py IHS unde itted without license from IHS Not for Resale ISO 230-1:2012(E) Contents Page Foreword. Introduction .vi 1 Scope. 2 Normative references.. 3 Terms and definitions . 3.1 3.2 Termsformachinecoordinatesystemandmotionnomenclature 3.3 Terms for static compliance and hysteresis ..... 3.4 Termsforlinearaxes.. 3.5 Terms for axes of rotation .... 12 3.6 Terms for parallelism error and squareness error of axes of motion... 19 3.7 Terms for other relationships between axis average lines...... 3.8 Terms for multi-axes motion or kinematic tests ...... .26 3.9 Terms for geometric accuracy of machine functional surfaces, machine tool components and test pieces.... .30 4 Tolerances. 34 4.1 General .... .34 4.2 test pieces.. 4.3 Additional limiting conditions associated with tolerances..... .40 5 Uncertainty of measurements, test methods and measuring instruments.. 41 6 Preliminary operations... 6.1 Installation of the machine before tests.. 42 6.2 Conditions before machine tests... 6.3 Test setup and instrumentation.. .44 7 Machine static compliance and hysteresis tests .. ..45 7.1 General.... .45 7.2 Tests for machine static compliance and hysteresis by applying force externally ..... 7.3 Tests for machine static compliance and hysteresis by applying force internally.... .47 7.4 Tests for machines with rotary axes........... 50 8 Geometric accuracy tests of axes of linear motion .... 52 8.1 General ...... 52 8.2 Straightness error motion tests....... 53 8.3 Linear positioning error motion tests ... .58 8.4 Angular error motions tests .. 60 9 Geometric accuracy tests of axes of rotation ... 64 9.1 Reference to ISO 230-7 . 9.2 Angularpositioning error motion.. 10 Alignment of axes of motion Parallelism, squareness, coaxiality and intersection. 10.1 Parallelism of axes of motion... 67 10.2 Coaxiality error of axis average lines... 73 10.3 Squareness error of axes of motion.... 10.4 Intersection of axis average lines... 11 Multi-axes motion (kinematic) tests .. .85 11.1 General ... 85 11.2 Linear trajectories .. .86 ili Copyrght International OrganizaionStandardizalonghts reserved Not for Resale ISO 230-1:2012(E) 11.3 Circular trajectories. .87 11.4 Conical (shape) motion, ..94 11.5 Spherical interpolation test using spherical artefacts and linear displacement sensors.....5 11.6 Flatness error of a surface generated by two axes of linear motion..... ..96 11.7 ...97 12 Geometric accuracy tests of machine functional surfaces Straightness, flatness, perpendicularity and parallelism...... 100 12.1 Straightness error of machine functional surfaces .100 12.2 Flatness of machine tables... .110 12.3 Position and orientation of functional surfaces .... 118 12.4 Squareness error and perpendicularity error between lines and planes 128 12.5 Run-out of rotational components... .132 Annex A (informative) Machine tool coordinate system and position and orientation errors.. .134 AnnexB(informative)Testpiecemeasurement. .. 147 AnnexC(informative)Cross-reference 149 Bibliog