ISO INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 19156 Second edition 2023-04 Geographic information - Observations, measurements and samples Information géographique Observations, mesures et échantillons Reference number IS0 19156:2023(E) ISO IS02023 IS0 19156:2023(E) COPYRIGHTPROTECTED DOCUMENT @IS02023 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on or ISoO's member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office CP 40i : Ch. de Blandonnet 8 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva Phone: +41 22 749 01 11 Email:[email protected] Website: www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii @ IS0 2023- All rights reserved IS0 19156:2023(E) @ Contents Page Foreword. .ix Introduction. ..X 1 Scope. .1 2 Normative references .1 3 Terms and definitions .1 4 Document conventions .5 4.1 Abbreviated terms and acronyms. .5 4.2 Schema language .5 4.3 Model element names. 6 4.4 Requirements and recommendations .6 4.5 Requirements classes .7 4.6 Conformance classes. .7 4.7 Identifiers.. 4.8 Associations in UML context diagrams .8 5 Conformance .8 5.1 Overview. .8 5.2 Conformance classes. 9 6 Packaging, requirements and dependencies. 11 6.1 Requirements 11 6.2 UML .12 6.2.1 UML package structure. 12 6.2.2 UML package dependencies. .12 6.3 Note on the use of "Any" 14 7 Fundamental characteristics of observations and samples (informative) .14 7.1 Observation schema. 14 7.1.1 Property evaluation 14 7.1.2 Observation. 15 7.1.3 Properties of an Observation 15 7.1.4 Observation location... .16 7.1.5 Resulttypes 16 7.1.6 Use of the observation model 16 7.2 Sample schema. 17 7.2.1 Role of sample features 17 7.2.2 Proximate vs. ultimate feature-of-interest. 17 7.2.3 Role of samples. 18 7.2.4 Sampling process 18 7.2.5 Classification of samples 19 7.3 Alignment between Observation, Sample and domain models 19 7.3.1 Model consistency. 19 7.3.2 Relationship between Sample and domain features. 22 8 Conceptual observation schema 25 8.1 General 25 8.1.1 Conceptual Observation model 25 8.1.2 Conceptual Observation schema package Requirements Class 26 8.1.3 Association relatedObservation. .26 8.2 Observation 27 8.2.1 Observation Requirements Class 27 8.2.2 InterfaceObservation .27 8.2.3 Attribute phenomenonTime 28 8.2.4 Attribute resultTime.. 28 8.2.5 Attribute validTime. 28 @ IS0 2023 - All rights reserved iii IS0 19156:2023(E) 8.2.6 Association featureOfInterest. 29 8.2.7 Association observedProperty 29 8.2.8 Association result. 29 8.2.9 Association observingProcedure 30 8.2.10 Associationobserver 30 8.2.11 Association host.. 30 8.2.12 Constraint Observer or Host. .30 8.2.13 Constraint ObservableProperty characteristic associated with featureOfInterest. 30 8.2.14 Constraint suitable ObservableProperty 30 8.2.15 Constraint suitable result type. 30 8.2.16 Constraint unit of measure. 31 8.3 ObservableProperty. 31 8.3.1 ObservableProperty Requirements Class 31 8.3.2 Interface ObservabieProperty 31 8.3.3 Association observer. 32 8.4 Procedure. 32 8.4.1 Procedure Requirements Class 32 8.4.2 Interface Procedure. 32 8.5 ObservingProcedure. 32 8.5.1 ObservingProcedure Requirements Class 32 8.5.2 Interface ObservingProcedure. 32 8.5.3 Association observer 33 8.6 Observer. 33 8.6.1 Observer Requirements Class 33 8.6.2 Interface Observer 33 8.6.3 Association observableProperty. 34 8.6.4 Association observingProcedure 34 8.6.5 Association deployment. 34 8.7 Host. .34 8.7.1 Host Requirements Class. 34 8.7.2 Interface Host. .34 8.7.3 Association deployment. 35 8.7.4 Association relatedHost. 35 8.8 Deployment. 35 8.8.1 Deployment Requirements Class. 35 8.8.2 Interface Deployment 35 8.8.3 Association observer 35 8.8.4 Associationhost 35 9 Abstract Observation Core. .36 9.1 General. .36 9.1.1 Abstract Observation Core Package Requirements Class .36 9.1.2 Associationmetadata .36 9.2 AbstractObservation